搜搜考试网帮我把下面的中文译成英文.
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：搜搜考试网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/07/08 03:33:40
帮我把下面的中文译成英文.
19世纪的中国落后,不仅仅是经济走下坡路的问题,而是支撑整个国家持续发展的动力出了很大问题.主要有下几点：
现代化教育的缺失.19世纪末英国教育大普及；日本建立学区,提出全民教育；而中国当时还是私塾为主,依然四书五经.教育没有跟上时代趋势,决定了中国国民素质不足以支撑清末中国持续强大.
国家没有控制国民经济命脉.英国全球扩张,不惜使用武力.日本也搞殖产兴业建立市场,并牢牢由国家主导整个国民经济命脉.而满清朝廷却几乎无所作为,发展工业基本是以军工为导向,结果到20世纪初国民经济几乎全部受列强控制.
没有保证政府良性运作的政治制度.英国是最早的资本主义国家,很早就以近代民主制度保障了其经济体制的有效运转.日本在明治维新后也革除了幕府统治的弊端,而清廷却死抱封建政体不放,甲午战争中暴露的问题多半与其有关,如官员腐败、海军不统一、事权分歧,等等.
没有融入国家体系,也没有把握时代脉搏和观念.17世纪,以主权为基础的国际体系兴起.1863年“国际法”译为《万国公法》一书介绍给中国官员时,“主权”这一核心思想却没有被中国人所接纳.当法国殖民者通过签约声称帮助越南“独立”时,清政府的官员还在坚持对越南的“宗主权”.《万国公法》 1865年传入日本并经历广泛讨论后,日本主动与英国在1894年订立《通商航海条约》,基本实现自主权.观念的落后造成清政府一再面临国际危机,步步被动.最终,到20世纪初,中国从一个GDP强国变成一个公认的弱国.
19世纪的中国落后,不仅仅是经济走下坡路的问题,而是支撑整个国家持续发展的动力出了很大问题.主要有下几点：
现代化教育的缺失.19世纪末英国教育大普及；日本建立学区,提出全民教育；而中国当时还是私塾为主,依然四书五经.教育没有跟上时代趋势,决定了中国国民素质不足以支撑清末中国持续强大.
国家没有控制国民经济命脉.英国全球扩张,不惜使用武力.日本也搞殖产兴业建立市场,并牢牢由国家主导整个国民经济命脉.而满清朝廷却几乎无所作为,发展工业基本是以军工为导向,结果到20世纪初国民经济几乎全部受列强控制.
没有保证政府良性运作的政治制度.英国是最早的资本主义国家,很早就以近代民主制度保障了其经济体制的有效运转.日本在明治维新后也革除了幕府统治的弊端,而清廷却死抱封建政体不放,甲午战争中暴露的问题多半与其有关,如官员腐败、海军不统一、事权分歧,等等.
没有融入国家体系,也没有把握时代脉搏和观念.17世纪,以主权为基础的国际体系兴起.1863年“国际法”译为《万国公法》一书介绍给中国官员时,“主权”这一核心思想却没有被中国人所接纳.当法国殖民者通过签约声称帮助越南“独立”时,清政府的官员还在坚持对越南的“宗主权”.《万国公法》 1865年传入日本并经历广泛讨论后,日本主动与英国在1894年订立《通商航海条约》,基本实现自主权.观念的落后造成清政府一再面临国际危机,步步被动.最终,到20世纪初,中国从一个GDP强国变成一个公认的弱国.
In the 19th century China behind, is not only a problem of economic decline, but support the sustainable development of the whole nation is a big power out of the question. The main points:
The lack of modern education. The end of the 19th century British education popularization; Japan to establish a school district, and put forward universal education; While China was xue is given priority to, still the classics. Education did not keep up with The Times trend, decided the Chinese national quality is insufficient to support China's continuing strong in the late qing dynasty.
Countries do not have control of the national economy. The global expansion, do not hesitate to use force. Japan was Japanese industrial building market, firmly dominated by the state and the whole national economy. Industrial development and the manchu court is almost nothing, basic is the military as the guidance, the results to the national economy in the early 20th century almost all controlled by foreign powers.
There is no guarantee that the benign operation of the political system. Britain is the earliest capitalism countries, very early in the modern democratic system to ensure its effective operation of the economic system. Japan after the Meiji restoration and expelling the drawbacks of the shogunate, whereas the qing court clings to the feudal regime, most of problems exposed in the sino-japanese war related, such as official corruption, the navy is not unified, their differences, and so on.
Not into the state system, also did not hold the pulse of The Times and ideas. In the 17th century, on the basis of the sovereignty of the international system. 1863 "international law" to "the law of nations," introduced to Chinese officials, the core idea is "sovereignty" has not been received by the Chinese people. When the French colonists help Vietnam "independent" claimed by signing, the qing government officials also insisted on "suzerainty" to Vietnam. "Law of nations" was introduced into Japan in 1865 and after extensive discussions, the Japanese and British trade nautical treaty concluded in 1894, basic implementation autonomy. Concept behind the qing government has repeatedly face international crisis, step by step. In the end, to the beginning of the 20th century, China's GDP from a power becomes a recognized the weak.
The lack of modern education. The end of the 19th century British education popularization; Japan to establish a school district, and put forward universal education; While China was xue is given priority to, still the classics. Education did not keep up with The Times trend, decided the Chinese national quality is insufficient to support China's continuing strong in the late qing dynasty.
Countries do not have control of the national economy. The global expansion, do not hesitate to use force. Japan was Japanese industrial building market, firmly dominated by the state and the whole national economy. Industrial development and the manchu court is almost nothing, basic is the military as the guidance, the results to the national economy in the early 20th century almost all controlled by foreign powers.
There is no guarantee that the benign operation of the political system. Britain is the earliest capitalism countries, very early in the modern democratic system to ensure its effective operation of the economic system. Japan after the Meiji restoration and expelling the drawbacks of the shogunate, whereas the qing court clings to the feudal regime, most of problems exposed in the sino-japanese war related, such as official corruption, the navy is not unified, their differences, and so on.
Not into the state system, also did not hold the pulse of The Times and ideas. In the 17th century, on the basis of the sovereignty of the international system. 1863 "international law" to "the law of nations," introduced to Chinese officials, the core idea is "sovereignty" has not been received by the Chinese people. When the French colonists help Vietnam "independent" claimed by signing, the qing government officials also insisted on "suzerainty" to Vietnam. "Law of nations" was introduced into Japan in 1865 and after extensive discussions, the Japanese and British trade nautical treaty concluded in 1894, basic implementation autonomy. Concept behind the qing government has repeatedly face international crisis, step by step. In the end, to the beginning of the 20th century, China's GDP from a power becomes a recognized the weak.