英语翻译Clean technology:Architects believe that biologically in

英语翻译
Clean technology:Architects believe that biologically inspired designs can help to reduce the environmental impact of buildings
ARCHITECTS have long taken inspiration from nature.In ancient Egypt columns were modelled on palm trees and lotus plants,and building designers have borrowed the shapes and proportions of natural forms ever since as they strived to achieve aesthetic perfection.
Some architects now believe that such biomimicry has more to offer than simply making buildings look good.They are copying functional systems found in nature to provide cooling,generate energy and even to desalinate water.And they insist that doing these things using biomimetic designs is not just a gimmick,but makes financial sense.“It's often the case that green technology is considered to be commercially unattractive,” says Michael Pawlyn,an architect at Grimshaw,the firm behind the Eden Project,a highly acclaimed biome structure in England.That perception,he says,is wrong—and he has the designs to prove it.
So far,the use of biomimetic features in buildings has been driven as much by aesthetics as by function,and has been limited to relatively simple,passive systems.The Arab World Institute in Paris,for example,has an array of mechanical,eye-like irises on its south-facing façade.These open and close to control the amount of light entering the building,thereby regulating the internal temperature.
Similarly there are now several buildings that have ventilation systems based on those found in termite mounds.The Eastgate Centre,a shopping centre and office block in Harare,Zimbabwe,has a mechanical cooling system made up of vents and flues that help hot air out of the structure.“It's the same principle as the chimney effect,but a bit more controlled,” says Professor George Jeronimidis,director of the Centre for Biomimetics at the University of Reading.As hot air rises and flows out through vents at the top of the building,cooler air is drawn in at ground level.
Dr Jeronimidis is now taking this concept further by using adaptive materials that flex in response to the level of moisture in the air—an idea borrowed from the way pine-cones open and close.Using a cellulose-like fibre composite,he has created a vent that changes from one curved shape to another,depending on the relative levels of moisture inside and outside a building.When warm,moist air builds up inside the building,the vent opens to allow it to escape.But when the air inside is dry,the vent stays shut and moist air from outdoors is kept out.“In principle it can be made to respond naturally,without any additional power,” says Dr Jeronimidis.

清洁工艺： 建筑师相信生物被启发的设计可能帮助减少大厦的环境影响
建筑师很多时间花费了从自然的启发. 在古老埃及专栏在棕榈树和莲花植物被塑造了,并且大厦设计师借用了自然形式的形状和比例,自那以后,他们努力达到审美完美.
有些建筑师现在相信这样biomimicry比使大厦看起来有提供的更多好. 他们复制本质上找到的功能系统提供冷却,引起能量和甚而淡化水.并且他们坚持,做使用biomimetic设计的这些事不是仅秘密装置,而是有财政道理. “It经常是实际情形绿色技术认为商业不吸引人的, ”说迈克尔Pawlyn,建筑师在Grimshaw,在伊甸园项目,一个高度被称赞的生物群系结构之后的企业在英国.悟性,他说,是错误和他有证明的设计它.
到目前为止,使用在大厦的biomimetic特点被美学驾驶了一样象由作用和被限制了到相对地简单,无源系统. 阿拉伯世界学院在巴黎,例如,有一一些在它朝南的façade的机械,眼状的虹膜. 这些开放和接近控制光进入大厦的相当数量,从而调控内部温度.那里Similarly 现在是有根据那些的通风系统被找到在白蚁土墩的几个大厦. Eastgate中心、一个购物中心和办公大楼在哈拉雷,津巴布韦,有一个机械冷却系统帮助热空气在结构外面的由出气孔和通气管做成. “It是和一样烟囱作用,但是受控, ”说乔治・ Jeronimidis教授的原则,中心的主任Biomimetics在雷丁大学.当热空气上升并且流经出气孔在大厦顶部,更加凉快的空气被画在底层.
Dr Jeronimidis进一步现在采取这个概念通过使用屈曲以回应湿气的水平在从方式杉木锥体借用的air—an想法的开放和接近的能适应的材料.使用纤维素象纤维综合的a,他根据湿气里面和外部的相对电平创造了改变从一弯曲的形状到另一个的一发泄,大厦.当温暖,潮湿空气加强在大厦里面,出气孔打开允许它逃脱. 但是,当空气里面是干燥的时,出气孔逗留被关闭的和从户外的潮湿空气被保留. “原则上它可以被做自然地反应,不用任何另外的力量, ”说Jeronimidis博士.