搜搜考试网翻译（2009江苏学生流泪的阅读）1
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翻译（2009江苏学生流泪的阅读）1
Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall? What do you think caused this change in colour? It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields．
Components of Soil
Soil is made up of a number of layers(层),each having its own distinctive colour and texture．The upper layer is known as the litter．It acts like a blanket．limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss．The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus(腐殖质),which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour．This layer is usually rich in nutrients,oxygen,and water．Below the topsoil is the subsoil,a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter．This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus．Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock．
Soil forms from the bottom up．Over time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind,frost, and snow．It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering．Plants begin to grow,and rotten materials enrich the topsoil．Most of the soil in Eastern Canada．for example．Was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared l2．000 years ago．
Water Beneath the Soil
Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lake, pond, and rivers．Once in the soil or rock,it is called groundwater．Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透)．Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table．Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate．
As water percolates downward,it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers．This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.
Soil pH
Soil can be acidic．neutral．or basic．The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock
from which it was formed．and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it．
The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil．By burning fossil fuels such as coal,oil and gasoline,humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils．When fossil fuels are burned．gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain．Acid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels．As nutrients are removed,soil is less fertile．Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil,and also become easily attacked by diseases．
Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall? What do you think caused this change in colour? It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields．
Components of Soil
Soil is made up of a number of layers(层),each having its own distinctive colour and texture．The upper layer is known as the litter．It acts like a blanket．limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss．The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus(腐殖质),which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour．This layer is usually rich in nutrients,oxygen,and water．Below the topsoil is the subsoil,a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter．This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus．Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock．
Soil forms from the bottom up．Over time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind,frost, and snow．It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering．Plants begin to grow,and rotten materials enrich the topsoil．Most of the soil in Eastern Canada．for example．Was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared l2．000 years ago．
Water Beneath the Soil
Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lake, pond, and rivers．Once in the soil or rock,it is called groundwater．Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透)．Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table．Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate．
As water percolates downward,it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers．This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.
Soil pH
Soil can be acidic．neutral．or basic．The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock
from which it was formed．and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it．
The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil．By burning fossil fuels such as coal,oil and gasoline,humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils．When fossil fuels are burned．gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain．Acid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels．As nutrients are removed,soil is less fertile．Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil,and also become easily attacked by diseases．
你有没有注意到,在河流或溪流的水的颜色,一场大雨后?你认为是什么导致了这种变化的颜色?它是土壤被冲到河的河岸或从附近的田野.
土的组成
土壤是由数层（层）,各有其独特的颜色和纹理.上一层被称为垃圾.它就像一条毯子.限制温度变化和减少水的损失.表土层是由岩石和腐烂的植物和动物的物质称为腐殖质小颗粒（腐殖质）,它是黑色的,黑色的土壤.这一层营养丰富,常氧,和水.以下是下层土壤的表层土,一层包含更多的石头只有少量的有机物质混合.这一层是打火机颜色由于缺少腐殖质.土壤下面是一层基岩.
从底部土壤的形式.随着时间的推移,基岩的雨,风,霜,雪袭击.这是逐步分解成更小的粒子,称为风化过程中.植物开始生长,而腐烂的材料丰富的表土.东部大多数canada.for实例的土壤.从风化的岩石,被暴露当冰消失l2.000年前形成的.
在土壤水分
地表水收集和流动在地面以上湖,池塘,河流.一旦在土壤或岩石,它被称为地下水.地下水通过重力吸引的过程称为渗透的土壤（渗透）.最终水位达到层称为水位.这是通过下基岩水不能渗透.
当水向下渗透,溶解土壤中的有机质和矿物质和携带他们更深的层次.这导致了一个严重的问题,因为植物需要这些营养生长.
土壤pH值
土壤可acidic.neutral.or基础.土壤的pH值是由岩石的性质决定的
从它的形成,生长和腐烂的植物,它的性质.
雨和雪的酸性降低,进入土壤,地下水的pH值.通过燃烧化石燃料如煤,石油和汽油,人类已经导致更高水平的在许多土壤酸度.当化石燃料是burned.gases被释放到空气中,然后回到地球作为酸雨的酸性.土壤增加运输营养降低土壤水平的问题.作为营养物质被去除,土壤不肥沃.植物生长在酸性土壤更慢,也变得容易遭到疾病.
没译好的词你可能打错了,自己查一下吧,我尽力了
土的组成
土壤是由数层（层）,各有其独特的颜色和纹理.上一层被称为垃圾.它就像一条毯子.限制温度变化和减少水的损失.表土层是由岩石和腐烂的植物和动物的物质称为腐殖质小颗粒（腐殖质）,它是黑色的,黑色的土壤.这一层营养丰富,常氧,和水.以下是下层土壤的表层土,一层包含更多的石头只有少量的有机物质混合.这一层是打火机颜色由于缺少腐殖质.土壤下面是一层基岩.
从底部土壤的形式.随着时间的推移,基岩的雨,风,霜,雪袭击.这是逐步分解成更小的粒子,称为风化过程中.植物开始生长,而腐烂的材料丰富的表土.东部大多数canada.for实例的土壤.从风化的岩石,被暴露当冰消失l2.000年前形成的.
在土壤水分
地表水收集和流动在地面以上湖,池塘,河流.一旦在土壤或岩石,它被称为地下水.地下水通过重力吸引的过程称为渗透的土壤（渗透）.最终水位达到层称为水位.这是通过下基岩水不能渗透.
当水向下渗透,溶解土壤中的有机质和矿物质和携带他们更深的层次.这导致了一个严重的问题,因为植物需要这些营养生长.
土壤pH值
土壤可acidic.neutral.or基础.土壤的pH值是由岩石的性质决定的
从它的形成,生长和腐烂的植物,它的性质.
雨和雪的酸性降低,进入土壤,地下水的pH值.通过燃烧化石燃料如煤,石油和汽油,人类已经导致更高水平的在许多土壤酸度.当化石燃料是burned.gases被释放到空气中,然后回到地球作为酸雨的酸性.土壤增加运输营养降低土壤水平的问题.作为营养物质被去除,土壤不肥沃.植物生长在酸性土壤更慢,也变得容易遭到疾病.
没译好的词你可能打错了,自己查一下吧,我尽力了