搜搜考试网状语可以做表语吗?表语可以做宾语吗?状语可以做宾语吗?能不能举点例子
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：搜搜考试网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/07/26 15:23:58
状语可以做表语吗?表语可以做宾语吗?状语可以做宾语吗?能不能举点例子
英语的句子成分有：主语,谓语,宾语,定语,状语,补足语,表语.这些成分各有各的作用,是不可以混淆的.除了表语.其他成分,现代汉语也有.
宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者.宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任.当然,也可以由一个句子来充当,称之为宾语从句,所以一个句子中不一定只有一个宾语.
英语的及物动词后必须有宾语.宾语一般放及物动词之后,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么.
说明,除及物动词有宾语之外,英语介词后面也要有宾语.另外,某些形容词如worth,careful等后也可有宾语.
宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分.即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语统称为"双宾语".
My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑.(me是间接宾语,computer是直接宾语)
She is playing the piano now.她正在弹钢琴.（名词作宾语）
We all like him.（代词作宾语）
Give me four.(数词作宾语)
We all like to go to school.（不定式to go to school作like的宾语.school作to的宾 语）
We all like swimming.（动名词作宾语）
I think he is right.（宾语从句作宾语）
He asked me what I was thinking about at that moment. (me作asked的宾语,[he asked me] 由what疑问代词引导的宾语从句作宾语)
The book is worth reading.( 形容词worth可有宾语)
补充现代汉语词典解释：
宾语是动词的一种连带成分,一般在动词后边,用来回答“谁?”或“什么?”例如“我找厂长”的“厂长”,“他开拖拉机”的“拖拉机”,“接受批评”的“批评”,“他说他不知道”的“他不知道”.有时候一个动词可以带两个宾语,如“教我们化学”的“我们”和“化学”.
表语
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于连系动词（be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词）之后.
一. 名词作表语
Africa is a big continent.非洲是个大洲.
That remains is a puzzle to me.这对我还是个难题.
二. 代词作表语
What’s your fax number?你的传真号是多少?
Who's your best friend?你最好的朋友是谁?
三. 形容词作表语 I f eel much better today.我今天感觉好多了.
四. 数词作表语
She was the first to learn about it.她是第一个知道的人.
五. 不定式或ing形式作表语
Her job is selling computers.她的工作是销售电脑.
Our next step was to get raw materials ready我们下一步是把原料准备好.
六. 介词短语作表语
The patient is out of danger.病人脱险了.
I don’t feel at ease.我感到不自在.
七. 副词作表语
The sun is up.太阳升起来了.
I must be off now.现在我得走了.
八. 从句作表语
This is what he said.这就是他所说的话.
不定式作表语
作表语的不定式短语通常是说明主语的内容,这时主语通常是如下名词：
I hope, idea, job, plan, wish, aim, purpose, thing, business
The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.
新技术的目的是使生活更便利,而不是更繁琐.
Her wish is to become a singer.她的愿望是当一名歌手.
Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks.我们的计划就是在两星期内完成这项工作.
表语从句
在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句.表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同.
What the police want to know is when you entered the room.
警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间.
The trouble is that we are short of funds.困难是我们缺乏资金.
This is what we should do.这是我们应当做的.
That's why I want you to work there.那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因.
His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet.他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有.
as if, as though, because也可用来引导表语从句.
She seems as if she had done a great thing.她看起来好像做了一件大事.
It is because you eat too much.那是因为你吃得太多了.
ing形式作表语
ing形式作表语表示泛指意义的动作,不定式作表语表示一次性的动作.
My hobby is growing flowers.我的爱好是种花.
My favourite sport is playing tennis.我喜爱的运动是打网球.
比较：
What I am going to do is to play tennis this afternoon.我今天下午要做的事是打网球.
ing形式作表语：注意事项
在句型"主 + 系 + 表"中,若主语和表语都是非谓语形式时,主语和表语要取得一致.如：主语
是ing形式表语也应是ing形式,主语是不定式时表语也应是不定式.
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
眼见为实.
(误) Seeing is to believe.
ing形式作定语
ing形式可以作名词的前置定语,ing形式短语作后置定语.
ing形式作前置定语
a swimming pool
a teaching method
ing形式短语作后置定语
Do you know the man standing at the entrance?你认识站在入口处的那个人吗?
There were a lot of people boating on the lake.湖上有许多正在划船的人.
虚拟语气：表语从句
主语是idea, notion, proposal, suggestion, request等名词时,
作表语从句的动词为原形动词或should+原形动词.
My suggestion is that we (should) go and help him.我的建议是我们应该去帮助他.
Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.
我们唯一的请求就是尽快解决这个问题.
定语
定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示.
英语中的定语
充当定语的有：主要由形容词担任.此外,名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短语）、分词和定语从句等都可用作定语.
形容词作定语：
The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.）/小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔.
Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩.
There is a good boy./有个乖男孩.
数词作定语相当于形容词：Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔.
The two boys are students./这两个男孩是学生.
There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩.
代词或名词所有格作定语：
His boy needs Tom's pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔.
His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆.
There are two boys of Tom's there./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩.
介词短语作定语：
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔.
The boy in blue is Tom./穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆.
There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩.
名词作定语：
The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔.
It is a ball pen./这是一支圆珠笔.
There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔.
副词作定语：
The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔.
The best boy here is Tom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom.
不定式作定语：
The boy to write this letter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔.
The boy to write this letter is Tom./将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆.
There is nothing to do today./今天没有事要做.
分词（短语）作定语：
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔.
The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国产的.
There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩.
定语从句：
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔.
The boy you will know is Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆.
There are five boys who will play the game./参加游戏的男孩有五个.
定语的位置一般有两种：用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语,用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语.
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语.短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语.
1）定语前置
在英语里,一般定语前置时的次序为:限定词,形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语.但当几个形容词同时出现在名词短语之前,我们要注意其次序.其形容词遵循的词序为：限观形龄色国材,指：限定词（一般指数量）；外观（美丽等）；形状（大小,高矮,肥瘦）；年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途.如：
1限定词 2 外观 3形状 4年龄 5颜色 6国籍 7材料 8用途
A famous American university.
An interesting little red French oil painting.
A new plastic bucket.
A purple velvet curtains
An elegant German clock
另外,有些形容词也有特殊的次序:
1) 描述身体特征的形容词先于表示情感和性格特征的形容词
例如:a small lovely girl , a long patient queue , a pale anxious patient ;
2) 表示颜色的形容词放在表示情感和性格特征的形容词之后
例如:a kindly black teacher ,an inquisitive brown dog ;
3) little ,old 和young 有时可以作为名词短语不可分割的一部分,所以可以直接放在名词之前,
例如:a lovely little girl
4) 表示性格特征的形容词可以放在old young 之前,也可放在old young 之后,例如:
a young ambitious man (强调年龄) ,an ambitious young man(强调雄心勃勃) .
当然,三个以上形容词连用作定语,就显得累赘,因此上面所说的情况一般较少出现.
2）定语后置（1）短语作定语一般后置
It was a conference fruitful of results. 那是一个硕果累累的会议.
He gave me a basket full of eggs. 他给我一个装满鸡蛋的篮子.
English is a language easy to learn but difficult to master. 英语是一门容易学但是难精通的语言.
The boys hardest to teach are all in his class.最难教的男生都在他的班里了.
（2）修饰some,any,no,every等词构成的不定代词的定语都后置
Let’s go somewhere quiet. 咱们去找个安静一点的地方吧.
There is nothing important in today's newspaper. 今天报纸上没有什么重要的东西.
Do you have anything more to say? 你还有什么话要说吗?
（3）副词作定语
The people here are very friendly. 这里的人很友好.
They lived in the room above.他们住在楼上的房间.
（4）动词、名词转化而来的以-able,-ible 结尾的形容词作定语
He is a person dependable. 他是一个可以依靠的人
This is the only transportation means available. 这是唯一可行的交通工具.
（5）起强调用的单个分词
Everybody involved should stay here.
The college mentioned.
（6）特殊词
Could you tell me something imporpant.
3. 定语从句
英语里有大量的定语从句,而汉语里却没有定语从句的说法.英语中定语从句中甚至还可能包含定语从句,即多重定语从句.如： A healthy diet includes enough but not too many kinds of foods that provide the body with the nutrients that it needs to function properly. (健康的饮食包括的食物应该充足但又不过多.这些食物提供身体正常活动所必需的营养)
1）英语的复合句中,分句以其主句为基干,通过连接手段,一层一层地展开,就好像一棵树的树干上长出大枝子,大枝子上再长出小枝子.汉语的分句则更多按照时间发生的顺序出现,依次展开.
如： “伟大领袖和导师毛主席领导中国共产党进行了艰苦卓绝的斗争,建立了新中国,人民得到了解放,科学得到了解放.”这句话,译成英语便成了With the founding of new China (which was) born of arduous struggles (which were) waged by the Chinese Communist Party (which was) under the leadership of our great leader and teacher Chairman Mao , our people , and science as well , won emancipation.（王良兰,2003）
2）英语中的非限制性定语从句所表达的信息,在汉语里一般由另一个小句来表达.用非限制性定语从句时,前应加逗号,并且非限制性定语从句引导词只能用which,不能用that.
例如:She asked for his help which he gladly gave. 她要求他帮忙,他愉快地帮助了她.
再如: It was a century during which the country suffered continuously from wars.
一个世纪过去了,在这期间这个国家不断遭受战乱之苦.
英语状语
英语中,修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分叫状语（adverbial).
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等.
状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当.其位置一般放在句末,但也可放在句首或句中.
副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念.
1.副词一般在句子中做状语．
He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好.
He is playing under the tree.中的under the tree(地点状语)
2. 不定式在句子中可以作目的状语.
I come specially to see you.我专门来看你.
3.介词短语
Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.
The boy was praised for his bravery.
4.从句作状语
When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.
If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.
5.分词作状语
Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper.
Inhibited in one direction, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another.
一、时间状语从句
要点: 时间状语从句,由以下连词引导：
when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中,要注意时态一致.一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时.
1.when当******的时候
Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.(当)莫扎特4岁的时候,开始写音乐作品.
2.while当.时
He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中参观了许多地方.
3.as在.的同时；一边.一边.
He smiled as he stood up他一边站起来一边笑着.
4.after在.之后
He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.
前几天做完作业之后回的家.
5.before 在.之前
Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.
布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了.
6.as soon as 一.就.
We began to work as soon as we got there我们一到那就开始工作.
I will write to you as soon as I get home.我一到家就给你写信.
7.since 自.以来 到现在
表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间.主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时.
Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.
自格林先生来中国以来,他就在这所学校教书.
(还可以用作介词,本句从句还可以用短语：since three years ago(自三年前以来)表示.)
8 till /until
都可以作连词,连接时间状语,也可以作介词,与其它词构成介词短语,在句中作状语.
They walked till /until it was dark.他们一直走到天黑.
Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back.小明直到他爸爸回来才离开家.
9. by the time 到.为止 (所在句子的主句应用现在或过去完成时)
By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.他到家的时候,他爸爸已经走了.
By the time I got to school, the class had already began.我到校时,已经开始上课了.
一 地点状语从句 (adverbial clause of place)
地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导,已经形成了固定的句型,
要点: 由连词where和复合关系词wherever (=no matter where )引导
例如
句型1：Where＋地点从句,（there）＋主句.
【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时,there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时,一般都不用there.例如：
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方,耕作是困难的,或根本不可能的.
They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. 他们都是好人.因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎.
You should have put the book where you found it. 你本来应该把书放回原来的地方.
Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党,哪里人民得解放.
句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句,＋主句.
【注意】anywhere本身是个副词,但是,常可以引导从句,相当于连词,意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前,也可以位于主句之后.而wherever本身就是个连词,表示“在何处,无论何处”.例如：
Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员.
宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者.宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任.当然,也可以由一个句子来充当,称之为宾语从句,所以一个句子中不一定只有一个宾语.
英语的及物动词后必须有宾语.宾语一般放及物动词之后,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么.
说明,除及物动词有宾语之外,英语介词后面也要有宾语.另外,某些形容词如worth,careful等后也可有宾语.
宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分.即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语统称为"双宾语".
My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑.(me是间接宾语,computer是直接宾语)
She is playing the piano now.她正在弹钢琴.（名词作宾语）
We all like him.（代词作宾语）
Give me four.(数词作宾语)
We all like to go to school.（不定式to go to school作like的宾语.school作to的宾 语）
We all like swimming.（动名词作宾语）
I think he is right.（宾语从句作宾语）
He asked me what I was thinking about at that moment. (me作asked的宾语,[he asked me] 由what疑问代词引导的宾语从句作宾语)
The book is worth reading.( 形容词worth可有宾语)
补充现代汉语词典解释：
宾语是动词的一种连带成分,一般在动词后边,用来回答“谁?”或“什么?”例如“我找厂长”的“厂长”,“他开拖拉机”的“拖拉机”,“接受批评”的“批评”,“他说他不知道”的“他不知道”.有时候一个动词可以带两个宾语,如“教我们化学”的“我们”和“化学”.
表语
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于连系动词（be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词）之后.
一. 名词作表语
Africa is a big continent.非洲是个大洲.
That remains is a puzzle to me.这对我还是个难题.
二. 代词作表语
What’s your fax number?你的传真号是多少?
Who's your best friend?你最好的朋友是谁?
三. 形容词作表语 I f eel much better today.我今天感觉好多了.
四. 数词作表语
She was the first to learn about it.她是第一个知道的人.
五. 不定式或ing形式作表语
Her job is selling computers.她的工作是销售电脑.
Our next step was to get raw materials ready我们下一步是把原料准备好.
六. 介词短语作表语
The patient is out of danger.病人脱险了.
I don’t feel at ease.我感到不自在.
七. 副词作表语
The sun is up.太阳升起来了.
I must be off now.现在我得走了.
八. 从句作表语
This is what he said.这就是他所说的话.
不定式作表语
作表语的不定式短语通常是说明主语的内容,这时主语通常是如下名词：
I hope, idea, job, plan, wish, aim, purpose, thing, business
The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.
新技术的目的是使生活更便利,而不是更繁琐.
Her wish is to become a singer.她的愿望是当一名歌手.
Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks.我们的计划就是在两星期内完成这项工作.
表语从句
在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句.表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同.
What the police want to know is when you entered the room.
警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间.
The trouble is that we are short of funds.困难是我们缺乏资金.
This is what we should do.这是我们应当做的.
That's why I want you to work there.那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因.
His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet.他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有.
as if, as though, because也可用来引导表语从句.
She seems as if she had done a great thing.她看起来好像做了一件大事.
It is because you eat too much.那是因为你吃得太多了.
ing形式作表语
ing形式作表语表示泛指意义的动作,不定式作表语表示一次性的动作.
My hobby is growing flowers.我的爱好是种花.
My favourite sport is playing tennis.我喜爱的运动是打网球.
比较：
What I am going to do is to play tennis this afternoon.我今天下午要做的事是打网球.
ing形式作表语：注意事项
在句型"主 + 系 + 表"中,若主语和表语都是非谓语形式时,主语和表语要取得一致.如：主语
是ing形式表语也应是ing形式,主语是不定式时表语也应是不定式.
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
眼见为实.
(误) Seeing is to believe.
ing形式作定语
ing形式可以作名词的前置定语,ing形式短语作后置定语.
ing形式作前置定语
a swimming pool
a teaching method
ing形式短语作后置定语
Do you know the man standing at the entrance?你认识站在入口处的那个人吗?
There were a lot of people boating on the lake.湖上有许多正在划船的人.
虚拟语气：表语从句
主语是idea, notion, proposal, suggestion, request等名词时,
作表语从句的动词为原形动词或should+原形动词.
My suggestion is that we (should) go and help him.我的建议是我们应该去帮助他.
Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.
我们唯一的请求就是尽快解决这个问题.
定语
定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示.
英语中的定语
充当定语的有：主要由形容词担任.此外,名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短语）、分词和定语从句等都可用作定语.
形容词作定语：
The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.）/小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔.
Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩.
There is a good boy./有个乖男孩.
数词作定语相当于形容词：Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔.
The two boys are students./这两个男孩是学生.
There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩.
代词或名词所有格作定语：
His boy needs Tom's pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔.
His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆.
There are two boys of Tom's there./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩.
介词短语作定语：
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔.
The boy in blue is Tom./穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆.
There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩.
名词作定语：
The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔.
It is a ball pen./这是一支圆珠笔.
There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔.
副词作定语：
The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔.
The best boy here is Tom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom.
不定式作定语：
The boy to write this letter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔.
The boy to write this letter is Tom./将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆.
There is nothing to do today./今天没有事要做.
分词（短语）作定语：
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔.
The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国产的.
There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩.
定语从句：
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔.
The boy you will know is Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆.
There are five boys who will play the game./参加游戏的男孩有五个.
定语的位置一般有两种：用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语,用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语.
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语.短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语.
1）定语前置
在英语里,一般定语前置时的次序为:限定词,形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语.但当几个形容词同时出现在名词短语之前,我们要注意其次序.其形容词遵循的词序为：限观形龄色国材,指：限定词（一般指数量）；外观（美丽等）；形状（大小,高矮,肥瘦）；年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途.如：
1限定词 2 外观 3形状 4年龄 5颜色 6国籍 7材料 8用途
A famous American university.
An interesting little red French oil painting.
A new plastic bucket.
A purple velvet curtains
An elegant German clock
另外,有些形容词也有特殊的次序:
1) 描述身体特征的形容词先于表示情感和性格特征的形容词
例如:a small lovely girl , a long patient queue , a pale anxious patient ;
2) 表示颜色的形容词放在表示情感和性格特征的形容词之后
例如:a kindly black teacher ,an inquisitive brown dog ;
3) little ,old 和young 有时可以作为名词短语不可分割的一部分,所以可以直接放在名词之前,
例如:a lovely little girl
4) 表示性格特征的形容词可以放在old young 之前,也可放在old young 之后,例如:
a young ambitious man (强调年龄) ,an ambitious young man(强调雄心勃勃) .
当然,三个以上形容词连用作定语,就显得累赘,因此上面所说的情况一般较少出现.
2）定语后置（1）短语作定语一般后置
It was a conference fruitful of results. 那是一个硕果累累的会议.
He gave me a basket full of eggs. 他给我一个装满鸡蛋的篮子.
English is a language easy to learn but difficult to master. 英语是一门容易学但是难精通的语言.
The boys hardest to teach are all in his class.最难教的男生都在他的班里了.
（2）修饰some,any,no,every等词构成的不定代词的定语都后置
Let’s go somewhere quiet. 咱们去找个安静一点的地方吧.
There is nothing important in today's newspaper. 今天报纸上没有什么重要的东西.
Do you have anything more to say? 你还有什么话要说吗?
（3）副词作定语
The people here are very friendly. 这里的人很友好.
They lived in the room above.他们住在楼上的房间.
（4）动词、名词转化而来的以-able,-ible 结尾的形容词作定语
He is a person dependable. 他是一个可以依靠的人
This is the only transportation means available. 这是唯一可行的交通工具.
（5）起强调用的单个分词
Everybody involved should stay here.
The college mentioned.
（6）特殊词
Could you tell me something imporpant.
3. 定语从句
英语里有大量的定语从句,而汉语里却没有定语从句的说法.英语中定语从句中甚至还可能包含定语从句,即多重定语从句.如： A healthy diet includes enough but not too many kinds of foods that provide the body with the nutrients that it needs to function properly. (健康的饮食包括的食物应该充足但又不过多.这些食物提供身体正常活动所必需的营养)
1）英语的复合句中,分句以其主句为基干,通过连接手段,一层一层地展开,就好像一棵树的树干上长出大枝子,大枝子上再长出小枝子.汉语的分句则更多按照时间发生的顺序出现,依次展开.
如： “伟大领袖和导师毛主席领导中国共产党进行了艰苦卓绝的斗争,建立了新中国,人民得到了解放,科学得到了解放.”这句话,译成英语便成了With the founding of new China (which was) born of arduous struggles (which were) waged by the Chinese Communist Party (which was) under the leadership of our great leader and teacher Chairman Mao , our people , and science as well , won emancipation.（王良兰,2003）
2）英语中的非限制性定语从句所表达的信息,在汉语里一般由另一个小句来表达.用非限制性定语从句时,前应加逗号,并且非限制性定语从句引导词只能用which,不能用that.
例如:She asked for his help which he gladly gave. 她要求他帮忙,他愉快地帮助了她.
再如: It was a century during which the country suffered continuously from wars.
一个世纪过去了,在这期间这个国家不断遭受战乱之苦.
英语状语
英语中,修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分叫状语（adverbial).
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等.
状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当.其位置一般放在句末,但也可放在句首或句中.
副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念.
1.副词一般在句子中做状语．
He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好.
He is playing under the tree.中的under the tree(地点状语)
2. 不定式在句子中可以作目的状语.
I come specially to see you.我专门来看你.
3.介词短语
Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.
The boy was praised for his bravery.
4.从句作状语
When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.
If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.
5.分词作状语
Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper.
Inhibited in one direction, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another.
一、时间状语从句
要点: 时间状语从句,由以下连词引导：
when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中,要注意时态一致.一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时.
1.when当******的时候
Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.(当)莫扎特4岁的时候,开始写音乐作品.
2.while当.时
He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中参观了许多地方.
3.as在.的同时；一边.一边.
He smiled as he stood up他一边站起来一边笑着.
4.after在.之后
He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.
前几天做完作业之后回的家.
5.before 在.之前
Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.
布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了.
6.as soon as 一.就.
We began to work as soon as we got there我们一到那就开始工作.
I will write to you as soon as I get home.我一到家就给你写信.
7.since 自.以来 到现在
表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间.主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时.
Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.
自格林先生来中国以来,他就在这所学校教书.
(还可以用作介词,本句从句还可以用短语：since three years ago(自三年前以来)表示.)
8 till /until
都可以作连词,连接时间状语,也可以作介词,与其它词构成介词短语,在句中作状语.
They walked till /until it was dark.他们一直走到天黑.
Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back.小明直到他爸爸回来才离开家.
9. by the time 到.为止 (所在句子的主句应用现在或过去完成时)
By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.他到家的时候,他爸爸已经走了.
By the time I got to school, the class had already began.我到校时,已经开始上课了.
一 地点状语从句 (adverbial clause of place)
地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导,已经形成了固定的句型,
要点: 由连词where和复合关系词wherever (=no matter where )引导
例如
句型1：Where＋地点从句,（there）＋主句.
【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时,there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时,一般都不用there.例如：
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方,耕作是困难的,或根本不可能的.
They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. 他们都是好人.因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎.
You should have put the book where you found it. 你本来应该把书放回原来的地方.
Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党,哪里人民得解放.
句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句,＋主句.
【注意】anywhere本身是个副词,但是,常可以引导从句,相当于连词,意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前,也可以位于主句之后.而wherever本身就是个连词,表示“在何处,无论何处”.例如：
Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员.