现在分词短语做状语表示什么?
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现在分词短语做状语表示什么?
![现在分词短语做状语表示什么?](/uploads/image/z/455769-9-9.jpg?t=%E7%8E%B0%E5%9C%A8%E5%88%86%E8%AF%8D%E7%9F%AD%E8%AF%AD%E5%81%9A%E7%8A%B6%E8%AF%AD%E8%A1%A8%E7%A4%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%3F)
一、现在分词短语作时间状语有以下三种情况:
1.分词动作一发生,谓语动作紧跟着发生,这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语,其逻辑主语为句中的主语.常用的动词,如:hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等,表示一个极短暂动作.
此种情况可以换作on+动名词,表示相同的意思.译作"一(刚)……就……".
此种情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句,该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示.如:
Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.(= On hearing their teacher's voice… = When they heard their teacher's voice, the pupils…)一听到教师的声音,学生们立即停止讲话.
2.谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中,则用when /while+现在分词的一般式,分词的逻辑主语为句中的主语.此种情况可以用in+动名词的一般式代替.
也可以换作when、while引导的时间状语从句,该从句的谓语动词用进行时态.如:
Don't be careless when /while having an exam. = Don't be careless in having an exam. = Don't be careless when / while you are having an exam. 考试时不要粗心.
注:此结构中,不能用其他连接词替换when或while.
3.分词所表示的动作完成之后,谓语动作才发生,则要现在分词的完成式,即having done的形式.分词的逻辑主语应是句中的主语.
这种情况可以用after+动名词的一般式表示.
这种情况也可以用after /when引导的时间状语从句来替换,该从句的谓语动词用过去完成式.如:
Having finished his homework the boy was allowed to watch TV play.
After having finished his homework, the boy…
After /when he had finished his homework, the boy…
1.分词动作一发生,谓语动作紧跟着发生,这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语,其逻辑主语为句中的主语.常用的动词,如:hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等,表示一个极短暂动作.
此种情况可以换作on+动名词,表示相同的意思.译作"一(刚)……就……".
此种情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句,该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示.如:
Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.(= On hearing their teacher's voice… = When they heard their teacher's voice, the pupils…)一听到教师的声音,学生们立即停止讲话.
2.谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中,则用when /while+现在分词的一般式,分词的逻辑主语为句中的主语.此种情况可以用in+动名词的一般式代替.
也可以换作when、while引导的时间状语从句,该从句的谓语动词用进行时态.如:
Don't be careless when /while having an exam. = Don't be careless in having an exam. = Don't be careless when / while you are having an exam. 考试时不要粗心.
注:此结构中,不能用其他连接词替换when或while.
3.分词所表示的动作完成之后,谓语动作才发生,则要现在分词的完成式,即having done的形式.分词的逻辑主语应是句中的主语.
这种情况可以用after+动名词的一般式表示.
这种情况也可以用after /when引导的时间状语从句来替换,该从句的谓语动词用过去完成式.如:
Having finished his homework the boy was allowed to watch TV play.
After having finished his homework, the boy…
After /when he had finished his homework, the boy…